Measuring National Power

Geopolitics and the Measurement of National Power

Here is the corresponding literature for the formulas.

Süßmilch 1741 Johann Peter SÜẞMILCH (1707−1767). Pastor, statistician, demographer. de.wikipedia en.wikipedia	Primary (German): Süßmilch, Johann Peter. 1765 [1988]. Die göttliche Ordnung in den Veränderungen des menschlichen Geschlechts, aus der Geburt, dem Tode und der Fortpflanzung desselben erwiesen. 3. Ausgabe. Göttingen: Jürgen Chromm Verlag. Secondary (German, English): Wappäus, J. E. 1859. Allgemeine Bevölkerungsstatistik. 1. Theil. Leipzig: Verlag der J. C. Hinrichs'schen Buchhandlung. Höhn, Karl. 2011. "Four Early Attempts to Develop Power Formulas (1741−1955)." Stosunki Międzynarodowe–International Relations 44 (3-4). Available at: http://powermetrics.bplaced.net/earlyformulas.pdf
Friedensburg 1936 Ferdinand FRIEDENSBURG (1886−1972). Mineralogist, politician. de.wikipedia en.wikipedia	Primary (German): Friedensburg, Ferdinand. 1936. Die Mineralischen Bodenschätze als weltpolitische und militärische Machtfaktoren. Stuttgart: Ferdinand Enke Verlag. Secondary (English): Höhn, Karl. 2011. "Four Early Attempts to Develop Power Formulas (1741−1955)." Stosunki Międzynarodowe–International Relations 44 (3-4). Available at: http://powermetrics.bplaced.net/earlyformulas.pdf
Wright 1955 Philip Quincy WRIGHT (1890−1970). Political scientist. en.wikipedia	Primary (English): Wright, Quincy. 1955. The Study of International Relations. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts. Secondary (English): Höhn, Karl. 2011. "Four Early Attempts to Develop Power Formulas (1741−1955)." Stosunki Międzynarodowe–International Relations 44 (3-4). Available at: http://powermetrics.bplaced.net/earlyformulas.pdf
German 1960 克劳福德哲曼	Primary (English): German, F. Clifford. 1960. "A Tentative Evaluation of World Power." Journal of Conflict Resolution 4 (1), 138−144. Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002200276000400110 (requires subscription)
Fucks 1965 威廉富克斯 Wilhelm FUCKS (1902−1990). Physicist. de.wikipedia	Primary (German): Fucks, Wilhelm. 1965. Formeln zur Macht: Prognosen über Völker, Wirtschaft, Potentiale. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt. Fucks, Wilhelm. 1966. Formeln zur Macht: Prognosen über Völker, Wirtschaft, Potentiale. Revised edition. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt. Fucks, Wilhelm. 1978. Mächte von Morgen: Kraftfelder, Tendenzen, Konsequenzen. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt. Secondary (English, German): Michaels, Daniel W. 1966. "Formulas for Power: A Review of Formeln zur Macht." Book review. The Professional Geographer 18 (5), 305−310. Available at: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.0033-0124.1966.00305.x (requires subscription) Schmidt, Helmut. 1966. "Schwuppdiwupp zur Zukunft." Der Spiegel (4), 82−83. Available at: https://www.spiegel.de/politik/schwuppdiwupp-zur-zukunft-a-c6bcace4-0002-0001-0000-000046265401
Alcock / Newcombe 1970	Primary (English): Alcock, Norman Z. & Newcombe, Alan G. 1970. "The perception of national power." Journal of Conflict Resolution 14 (3), 335−343. Available at: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002200277001400304 (requires subscription) Secondary (English): Doran, Charles F. Hill, Kim Q. Mladenka, Kenneth R. & Wakata, Kyoji. 1974. "Perceptions of national power and threat: Japan, Finland, and the united States." International Journal of Group Tensions 4 (4), 431�454.
Singer 1972 Joel David SINGER (1925−2009). Political scientist. en.wikipedia	Primary (English): Singer, J. David. Bremer, Stuart. & Stuckey, John. 1972. "Capability Distribution, Uncertainty, and Major Power War, 1820−1965." In: Russett, Bruce M. ed. Peace, War, and Numbers. Beverly Hills: Sage Publications, 19−48. Bremer, Stuart A. 1980. "National Capabilities and War Proneness." In: Singer, J. David. ed. The Correlates of War II: Testing Some Realpolitik Models. New York: The Free Press, 57−123. Secondary (English): Kadera, Kelly M. & Sorokin, Gerald L. 2004. "Measuring National Power." International Interactions 30, 211−230. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050620490492097 (requires subscription)
Ferris 1972	Primary (English): Ferris, Wayne H. 1973. The Power Capabilities of Nation-States: International Conflict and War. Lexington: Lexington Books. Secondary (English): Moul, William Brian. 1989. "Measuring the 'Balances of Power': A Look at Some Numbers." Review of International Studies 15 (2), 101−121. Available at: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20097174 (requires subscription)
Cline 1975 R. S. 克莱因 Ray Steiner CLINE (1918−1996). CIA analyst. en.wikipedia	Primary (English): Cline, Ray S. 1975. World Power Assessment: A Calculus of Strategic Drift. Boulder: Westview Press. Cline, Ray S. 1977. World Power Assessment 1977: A Calculus of Strategic Drift. Boulder: Westview Press. Cline, Ray S. 1978. "World Power Trends." In: Cline, Ray S. Scalapino, Robert A. Simes, Dimitri K. & Wells, Samuel F. eds. Main Trends in World Power: Political Impact of Strategic Weapons. [Washington]: The Center for Strategic and International Studies, Georgetown University, 1−29. Cline, Ray S. 1980. World Power Trends and U.S. Foreign Policy for the 1980s. Boulder: Westview Press. Cline, Ray S. 1993. The Power of Nations in the 1990s: A Strategic Assessment. Lanham: University Press of America. Secondary (Portuguese): Fontoura, Luís. 2007. "O poder na relação externa do Estado: A equação de Cline." Negócios Estrangeiros 11 (2). Available at: http://web.archive.org/web/20110914042818/http://www.mne.gov.pt/NR/rdonlyres/B44416DC-05D8-4CFA-A0C7-C31F4E9C622D/0/revista_11_2.pdf
Beckman 1984	Primary (English): Beckman, Peter R. 1984. World Politics in the Twentieth Century. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.
経済企画庁 1987 Economic Planning Agency (Government of Japan)	Primary (Japanese): EPA—Economic Planning Agency. 1987. 日本の総合国力: 高まる日本の国力と求められる国際的役割 [Japan's Comprehensive National Power: Japan's Rising National Power and Expected International Roles]. Tokyo: Ministry of Finance Printing Bureau.
黄硕风 1989 Huang	Secondary (English): Pillsbury, Michael. 2000. China Debates the Future Security Environment. Washington: National Defense University Press. Available at: https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/104682/2000-01_China_Debates_Future.pdf
Caro 2000	Primary (French): Caro, Jean-Yves. 1999. "L'approche économique de la puissance." L'Armement (68), 123−129. Caro, Jean-Yves. 2000. "De la richesse à la puissance des nations." Ares XVIII (46), 11−39. Caro, Jean-Yves. 2000. "Les schèmes de perception de la puissance." Les Champs de Mars (2^e semestre), 97−125. Caro, Jean-Yves. 2000. "Structure de la puissance: pour une méthodologie quantitative." Annuaire français de relations internationales 1, 87−109. Available at: http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/IMG/pdf/FD001146.pdf
Davutoğlu 2001 Ahmet DAVUTOĞLU Prime Minister (2014−2016), Minister of Foreign Affairs (2009−2014) Republic of Turkey. tr.wikipedia en.wikipedia	Primary (Turkish): Davutoğlu, Ahmet. 2001. Stratejik Derinlik: Türkiye'nin Uluslarası Konumu. İstanbul: Küre Yayinlari. Secondary (English): Aslanli, Kenan. 2009. "Geopolitical power and human factor." 3rd View, [online] July 7. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20150107045302/http://3view.az/articles/3816/1/
NSCS 2002 National Security Council Secretariat (Government of India)	Primary (English): NSCS—National Security Council Secretariat. 2003. "National Security Index." In: Kumar, Satish. ed. India's National Security Index: Annual Review 2002. New Delhi: India Research Press, 349−360. Kumar, Satish. 2004. "National Security Index." In: Kumar, Satish. ed. India's National Security Index: Annual Review 2003. New Delhi: India Research Press, 228−266. Kumar, Satish. 2005. "National Security Index." In: Kumar, Satish. ed. India's National Security Index: Annual Review 2004. New Delhi: India Research Press, 165−189. Kumar, Satish. 2007. "National Security Index 2006." In: Kumar, Satish. ed. India's National Security Index: Annual Review 2006. New Delhi: Knowledge World, 445−471. Kumar, Satish. 2008. "National Security Index 2007." In: Kumar, Satish. ed. India's National Security Index: Annual Review 2007. New Delhi: Knowledge World, 477−502. Secondary (English): Hwang, Karl. 2010. "Measuring Geopolitical Power in India: A Review of the National Security Index (NSI)." In Working Paper Series 136. Hamburg: German Institute of Global and Area Studies (GIGA). Available at: https://pure.giga-hamburg.de/ws/files/21245156/wp136_hwang.pdf
Агеев 2004 Ageev	Primary (Russian, English): Kuzyk, Boris. Ageev, Alexander Ivanovich. Oleg, Dobrocheev. Kuroyedov, Boris V. & Miasoyedov, Boris. 2004. Россия в пространстве и времени (история будущего) [Russia in Space and Time]. Moscow: Institute for Economic Strategies. Available at: http://web.archive.org/web/20120729232748/http://www.ruspravda.ru/strategies_and_programms/atlas/ Ageev, A.I. Mensch, G. & Matthews R. eds. 2009. Global Rating of Integral Power of 100 World's Leading Countries — 2008. Moscow: [Institute for Economic Strategies (INES). Available at: http://www.inesnet.ru/_img/pictures/global-rating-2008.pdf Ageev, A.I. Kuroyedov, B.V. & Sandarov O.V. 2011. "Geopolitical Potential Assessment of Modern Civilizations." Appendix 10. In: Long‑term strategy for global sustainable development: Report for UN, NY, Moscow, SKII. Moscow: Institute for Economic Strategies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Available at: http://powermetrics.bplaced.net/2011 АА 376 Geopol pot 19-05-11 .doc
Virmani 2004 Arvind VIRMANI Chief Economic Advisor (2007−2009), Republic of India en.wikipedia	Primary (English): Virmani, Arvind. 2004. "Economic Performance, Power Potential and Global Governance: Towards a New International Order." In Working Paper Series 150, New Delhi: Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). Available at: http://www.icrier.org/pdf/wp150.pdf Virmani, Arvind. 2005. "A Tripolar Century: USA, China and India." In Working Paper Series 160. New Delhi: Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). http://www.icrier.org/pdf/wp160.pdf Virmani, Arvind. 2005. A Tripolar World: India, China and USA. New Dehli: Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). http://www.icrier.org/pdf/TripolarWrld_IHC5.pdf Virmani, Arvind. 2005. VIP²: A Simple Measure of a Nation's (Natural) Global Power. New Delhi: Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). http://www.icrier.org/pdf/VIPP4.pdf Virmani, Arvind. 2005. "Economic Growth And Geo-political Power: The Emergence of a Tripolar World." Presentation given at a conference by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and the US-India Institute USINI, November 16, in Washington, United States. https://web.archive.org/web/20070920062511/http://www.usini.org/content_files/TripolarWrld8Wash.ppt Virmani, Arvind. 2005. "Global Power from the 18th to 21st Century: Power Potential (VIP²), Strategic Assets & Actual Power (VIP)." In Working Paper Series 175. New Delhi: Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). http://www.icrier.org/pdf/WP175VIPP8.pdf Secondary (English): Basu, Kaushik. 2008. "The Enigma of India's Arrival: A review of Arvind Virmani's Propelling India: From Socialist Stagnation to Global Power." Journal of Economic Literature, 46 (2), 396−406. Available at: https://web.archive.org/web/20130619215120/http://www.relooney.info/00_New_3213.pdf
Hillebrand 2006	Primary (English): Hughes, Barry B. & Hillebrand, Evan E. 2006. Exploring and Shaping International Futures. Boulder: Paradigm. Secondary (English): Hillebrand, Evan E. 2008. "How Will Future Oil Prices Affect Geopolitics?" Paper presented at the 49th Annual Convention of the International Studies Association (ISA), 26−29 March, in San Francisco, United States of America. Available at: https://korbel.du.edu/sites/default/files/2021-12/How%20Will%20Future%20Oil%20Prices%20Affect%20Geopolitics.pdf
2006 زرقانی Zarghani	Primary (English): Hafeznia, Mohammad Reza. Zarghani, Seyed Hadi. Ahmadipor, Zahra. & Eftekhari, Abdelreza Roknoddin. 2008. "Presentation a New Model to Measure National Power of the Countries." Journal of Applied Science 8 (2), 230−240. Available at: http://docsdrive.com/pdfs/ansinet/jas/2008/230-240.pdf Zarghani, Seyed Hadi. 2010. Measurement of National Power: Definitions, Functions, Measurement. Saarbrücken: Lambert Academic Publishing.